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Oh My Darling, Clementine
"Oh My Darling, Clementine" is an American western folk ballad in 87.87D trochaic metre usually credited to Percy Montrose (1884), although it is sometimes credited to Barker Bradford. The song is believed to have been based on another song called "Down by the River Liv'd a Maiden" by H. S. Thompson (1863). This American folk song is commonly performed in the key of F Major. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.
==History and origins==
While at first the song seems to be a sad ballad sung by a bereaved lover about the loss of his darling, the daughter of a miner in the 1849 California Gold Rush, as the verses continue it becomes obvious that the song is in fact a tongue-in-cheek parody of a sad ballad. For example, in the second verse we learn that Clementine's feet are so big that she has to wear boxes instead of shoes (presumably because size 9 shoes are not available); hardly a detail that would be mentioned in a serious romantic ballad. Her "tragic demise" is caused by a splinter in her toe that causes her to fall and drown – clearly a ridiculous accident, but told in a deadpan style. Finally, at the end of the song, the lover forgets his lost love after one kiss from Clementine's "little sister".
Gerald Brenan attributes the melody to originally being an old Spanish ballad in his book ''South from Granada''. It was made popular by Mexican miners during the Gold Rush. The melody was best known from ''Romance del Conde Olinos o Niño'', a sad love story very popular in Spanish-speaking cultures. It was also given various English texts. No particular source is cited to verify that the song he used to hear in the 1920s in a remote Spanish village was not an old text with new music, but Brenan states in his preface that all facts mentioned in the book have been checked reasonably well.
It is unclear when, where and by whom the song was first recorded in English for others to hear but the first version to reach the Billboard charts was that by Bing Crosby in 1941 when it briefly touched the No. 20 spot. Fred Reynolds writing in his book reviews it saying: "This old song is here given up-dated and up-tempo treatment in an arrangement by Hal Hopper and John Scott Trotter. Based upon the drowning of a miner's daughter during the pioneering gold rush days of the "forty-niners" seeking their fortunes in the far west after the discovery of gold at Johann Sutter's sawmill in 1848, scant respect is shown here for the long past tragedy. Crosby first sings two verses and two choruses, commencing seriously enough but eventually delivering some light, insouciant lines ("she was ... a fairy" , "do you hear me ... know it") with some re-written lyrics. A chorus by the orchestra, with the lead shared by trumpet and strings, is followed by another from Bing with a reference to Gene Autry ("could he sue me, Clementine?"). The rest of the recording casts aside any pretence at solemnity with five swinging verses, the first two from the vocal group and the other three from Bing With the support of the group and with lyrics that include a quotation from "The Hut-Sut Song", a rhyming "lipstick - hip chick" and the then modern "plant you now, dig you later, like a 'tater" to a deep note finish on "Clementine". It is all good, clean fun if one forgets the origins of the tale…"
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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